Classification and anthropometric behavior of patients hospitalized in the pediatric service of the San Ignacio University Hospital during the months of June to October 2019
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Abstract
Introduction: Malnutrition is an imbalance between nutrient requirements and intake, which harms the organism and growth, increasing morbidity and mortality. The probability of developing nutritional deficiencies is greater during hospitalization, and clinical outcomes are poorer when this condition is not treated. Objective: To know the anthropometric behavior of patients from 1 month to 15 years old admitted to the San Ignacio University Hospital pediatric service in Bogotá, Colombia, in 4 months. Methods: A longitudinal and descriptive study in which five supervised and trained medical students took anthropometric measurements of hospitalized patients who met the inclusion criteria between June and October 2019. The variables were entered into a database daily, and their analysis was done with Stata 17. Results: Data from 100 children were obtained, the average age was 3.6 years, and most were hospitalized between 4 to 7 days. The most common diagnoses were pneumonia and asthmatic crisis. The population studied had a low frequency of obesity and overweight, and 44 % of the patients lost weight during hospitalization. 19 % of the children were admitted and discharged at risk of global malnutrition, 10 % with a diagnosis of global malnutrition, and at the end of hospitalization, the number of patients at risk of malnutrition increased by 6%. Conclusions: it is recommended to evaluate the nutritional risk of all patients admitted to the pediatric service regardless of the diagnosis, as well as to carry out an intrahospital anthropometric follow-up and manage those identified with alterations, ensuring their post-discharge surveillance.
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