Suplementos nutricionales como inmunomoduladores en niños: una revisión de la literatura
Barra lateral del artículo
Publicado:
abr. 11, 2017
Palabras clave:
Suplementos dietarios; Estado nutricional; Niño; Sistema inmunitario; Ácidos grasos
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpe.2016.09.002
Introducción
Las enfermedades infecciosas y alérgicas son las principales causas de morbimortalidad en la primera infancia en Colombia. Entre las opciones estudiadas para su prevención y control, se encuentran los suplementos nutricionales a base de probióticos, elementos de traza, antioxidantes y ácidos grasos de cadena larga.
Métodos
Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en las bases de datos PubMed y EMBASE, buscando estudios que relacionaran el uso de suplementos nutricionales y el desempeño del sistema inmunitario en niños. Se emplearon los términos: “Dietary supplements” AND “Immune System” AND (“infant” OR “child” OR “adolescent”).
Resultados
La búsqueda inicial arrojó un total de 255 referencias, 54 de las cuales se utilizaron para extraer información. Hay un número importante de publicaciones sobre los beneficios de los ácidos grasos de cadena larga, micronutrientes y probióticos para el sistema inmunitario de los niños, y miden diversos desenlaces (muchos de ellos «intermedios») y con tamaños de muestra pequeños.
Conclusiones
El uso de suplementos nutricionales podría tener un beneficio para el paciente pediátrico desde el punto de vista inmunológico. Se requieren más estudios sobre el tema.
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Detalles del artículo
Cómo citar
Rueda-Rodríguez, M. C., Arjona, J. S., Soto-Salazar, C., De Castro, M., Castañeda-Cardona, C., & Rosselli, D. (2017). Suplementos nutricionales como inmunomoduladores en niños: una revisión de la literatura. Pediatría, 49(4), 103–109. Recuperado a partir de https://revistapediatria.emnuvens.com.br/rp/article/view/5
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Artículos de Revisión
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Citas
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13. A. Shafiei,M. Moin,Z. Pourpak,M. Gharagozlou,A. Aghamohammadi,A. Aghamohamadi Synbiotics could not reduce the scoring of childhood atopic dermatitis (SCORAD): a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol., 10 (2011), pp. 21-28 http://dx.doi.org/010.01/ijaai.2128 Medline
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3. A. Taylor,J. Hale,B. Hales,J. Dunstan,W. Thomas,S. Prescott FOXP3 mRNA expression at 6 months of age is higher in infants who develop atopic dermatitis, but is not affected by giving probiotics from birth Pediatr Allergy Immunol., 18 (2007), pp. 10-19 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2007.00624.x Medline
4. M. Raes,P. Scholtens,P. Alliet,K. Hensen,H. Jongen,G. Boehm Exploration of basal immune parameters in healthy infants receiving an infant milk formula supplemented with prebiotics Pediatr Allergy Immunol., 21 (2010), pp. e377-e385 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2009.00957.x Medline
5. T. Fujii,Y. Ohtsuka,T. Lee,T. Kudo,H. Shoji,H. Sato Bifidobacterium breve enhances transforming growth factor beta1 signaling by regulating Smad7 expression in preterm infants J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr., 43 (2006), pp. 83 88 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mpg.0000228100.04702.f8 Medline
6. C.E. West,M-L. Hammarström,O. Hernell Probiotics during weaning reduce the incidence of eczema Pediatr Allergy Immunol., 20 (2009), pp. 430-437 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2009.00745.x Medline
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8. M. Nermes,J. Kantele,T. Atosuo,S. Salminen,E. Isolauri Interaction of orally administered Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with skin and gut microbiota and humoral immunity in infants with atopic dermatitis Clin Exp Allergy., 41 (2011), pp. 370-377 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03657.x Medline
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11. M. Wada,S. Nagata,M. Saito,T. Shimizu,Y. Yamashiro,T. Matsuki Effects of the enteral administration of Bifidobacterium breve on patients undergoing chemotherapy for pediatric malignancies Support Care Cancer., 18 (2010), pp. 751 759 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-009-0711-6 Medline
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2. M.J. Rebollo Suplementos nutricionales en pediatría Rev Chil Nutr., 29 (2002), pp. 294-299
3. E. Ramiro-Puig,F. Pérez-Cano,C. Castellote,A. Franch,M. Castell El intestino: pieza clave del sistema inmunitario Rev Eso Enferm Dig., 100 (2008), pp. 29-34
4. M.M. Grönlund,H. Arvilommi,P. Kero,O.P. Lehtonen,E. Isolauri Importance of intestinal colonisation in the maturation of humoral immunity in early infancy: a prospective follow up study of healthy infants aged 0-6 months Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed., 83 (2000), pp. F186-F192 Medline
5. F. Purchiaroni,A. Tortora,M. Gabielli,F. Bertucci,G. Gigange,G. Ianiro The role of intestinal microbiota and the immune system Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci., 17 (2013), pp. 323-333 Medline
6. R-L. Jan,Y-L. Lin,H-H. Chen,J-Y. Wang Randomized placebo-controlled trial of lactobacillus on asthmatic children with allergic rhinitis Pediatr Pulmonol., 45 (2010), pp. 1111 1120 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppul.21296 Medline
7. G. Ciprandi,A. Vizzaccaro,I. Cirillo,M. Tosca Bacillus clausii effects in children with allergic rhinitis Allergy., 60 (2005), pp. 702-703 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00722.x Medline
8. G. Ciprandi,A. Vizzaccaro,I. Cirillo,M.A. Tosca Bacillus clausii exerts immuno-modulatory activity in allergic subjects: a pilot study Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol., 37 (2005), pp. 129-134 Medline
9. A. Flinterman,E. Knol,A. Van Ieperen-van Dijk,H. Timmerman,A. Knulst,C. Bruijnzeel-Koomen Probiotics have a different immunomodulatory potential in vitro versus ex vivo upon oral administration in children with food allergy Int Arch Allergy Immunol., 143 (2007), pp. 237-244 http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000099467 Medline
10. H. Saneian,Z. Pourmoghaddas,H. Roohafza,A. Gholamrezaei Synbiotic containing Bacillus coagulans and fructo-oligosaccharides for functional abdominal pain in children Gastroenterol Hepatol., 8 (2015), pp. 56-65
11. A. Ouwehand,M. Nermes,M.C. Collado,N. Rautonen,S. Salminen,E. Isolauri Specific probiotics alleviate allergic rhinitis during the birch pollen season World J Gastroenterol., 15 (2009), pp. 3261-3268 Medline
12. S. Prescott,J. Dunstan,J. Hale,L. Breckler,H. Lehmann,S. Weston Clinical effects of probiotics are associated with increased interferon-gamma responses in very young children with atopic dermatitis Clin Exp Allergy., 35 (2005), pp. 1557-1564 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02376.x Medline
13. A. Shafiei,M. Moin,Z. Pourpak,M. Gharagozlou,A. Aghamohammadi,A. Aghamohamadi Synbiotics could not reduce the scoring of childhood atopic dermatitis (SCORAD): a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol., 10 (2011), pp. 21-28 http://dx.doi.org/010.01/ijaai.2128 Medline
14. S. Prescott,J. Wiltschut,A. Taylor,L. Westcott,W. Jung,H. Currie Early markers of allergic disease in a primary prevention study using probiotics: 2.5-year follow-up phase Allergy., 63 (2008), pp. 1481-1490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01778.x Medline
1. A.L. Taylor,J. Hale,J. Wiltschut,H. Lehmann,J. Dunstan,S. PrescottEffects of probiotic supplementation for the first 6 months of life on allergen- and vaccine-specific immune responses Clin Exp Allergy., 36 (2006), pp. 1227-1235 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02553.x Medline
2. C. West,O. Hernell,Y. Andersson,M. Sjöstedt,M-L. Hammarström Probiotic effects on T-cell maturation in infants during weaning Clin Exp Allergy., 42 (2012), pp. 540-549 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03941.x Medline
3. A. Taylor,J. Hale,B. Hales,J. Dunstan,W. Thomas,S. Prescott FOXP3 mRNA expression at 6 months of age is higher in infants who develop atopic dermatitis, but is not affected by giving probiotics from birth Pediatr Allergy Immunol., 18 (2007), pp. 10-19 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2007.00624.x Medline
4. M. Raes,P. Scholtens,P. Alliet,K. Hensen,H. Jongen,G. Boehm Exploration of basal immune parameters in healthy infants receiving an infant milk formula supplemented with prebiotics Pediatr Allergy Immunol., 21 (2010), pp. e377-e385 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2009.00957.x Medline
5. T. Fujii,Y. Ohtsuka,T. Lee,T. Kudo,H. Shoji,H. Sato Bifidobacterium breve enhances transforming growth factor beta1 signaling by regulating Smad7 expression in preterm infants J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr., 43 (2006), pp. 83 88 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mpg.0000228100.04702.f8 Medline
6. C.E. West,M-L. Hammarström,O. Hernell Probiotics during weaning reduce the incidence of eczema Pediatr Allergy Immunol., 20 (2009), pp. 430-437 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2009.00745.x Medline
7. M. Baron A patented strain of Bacillus coagulans increased immune response to viral challenge Postgrad Med., 121 (2009), pp. 114-118 http://dx.doi.org/10.3810/pgm.2009.03.1971 Medline
8. M. Nermes,J. Kantele,T. Atosuo,S. Salminen,E. Isolauri Interaction of orally administered Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with skin and gut microbiota and humoral immunity in infants with atopic dermatitis Clin Exp Allergy., 41 (2011), pp. 370-377 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03657.x Medline
9. S. Rautava,H. Arvilommi,E. Isolauri Specific probiotics in enhancing maturation of IgA responses in formula-fed infants Pediatr Res., 60 (2006), pp. 221 224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/01.pdr.0000228317.72933.db Medline
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